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Thu Jul 03 2025 08:00:00 (1 day)
# 1.
We construct an explicit model of inhomogeneous gravitational collapse leading to a naked singularity in which gravitational absorption is both efficient and observable. We propose that the infeasibility of (efficient) graviton detection is simply a consequence of Nature’s conspiracy to hide regions of strong curvature behind event horizons.
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Jeroen van Duivenbode, Anne-Jans Faber, Reinoud Lavrijsen
Wed Jul 02 2025 12:00:00 (2 days)
# 2.
arXiv:2506.01993v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In the 19th century Mossotti and Clausius developed an expression linking the electrical permittivity of a dielectric to the product of molecular polarizability and number density. Lorenz and Lorentz later extended this framework to encompass the refractive index of the dielectric. These classical expressions have proven remarkably successful in describing how permittivity and refractive index vary with number density, under the assumption that molecular polarizability remains relatively constant. While these models have stood the test of time and continue to offer valuable insights, their derivation relies on an approximation of the local electric field within a spherical cavity that represents the environment of a single molecule with its own field excluded. For regimes of higher number densities, such as those encountered in densified dielectrics, employing an exact solution for the local field becomes increasingly important. This refinement not only extends the applicability of the Clausius-Mossotti and Lorentz-Lorenz equations but also leads to more accurate estimates of molecular polarizability in general.
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Michele Pizzochero, Giorgia Dellaferrera
Wed Jul 02 2025 12:00:00 (2 days)
# 3.
arXiv:2507.00675v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Inspired by the Turing test, we present a novel methodological framework to assess the extent to which a population of machines mirrors the philosophical views of a population of humans. The framework consists of three steps: (i) instructing machines to impersonate each human in the population, reflecting their backgrounds and beliefs, (ii) administering a questionnaire covering various philosophical positions to both humans and machines, and (iii) statistically analyzing the resulting responses. We apply this methodology to the debate on scientific realism, a long-standing philosophical inquiry exploring the relationship between science and reality. By considering the outcome of a survey of over 500 human participants, including both physicists and philosophers of science, we generate their machine personas using an artificial intelligence engine based on a large-language generative model. We reveal that the philosophical views of a population of machines are, on average, similar to those endorsed by a population of humans, irrespective of whether they are physicists or philosophers of science. As compared to humans, however, machines exhibit a weaker inclination toward scientific realism and a stronger coherence in their philosophical positions. Given the observed similarities between the populations of humans and machines, this methodological framework may offer unprecedented opportunities for advancing research in experimental philosophy by replacing human participants with their machine-impersonated counterparts, possibly mitigating the efficiency and reproducibility issues that affect survey-based empirical studies.
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Kamran Majid
Wed Jul 02 2025 12:00:00 (2 days)
# 4.
arXiv:2507.00023v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper argues that the practice of fault-tolerant quantum computation, specifically the mechanism of Quantum Error Correction (QEC), offers a profoundly new lens through which to examine foundational questions of ontology, emergence, and interpretation. We move beyond the standard debate on quantum speedup to ask: What is the nature of the entity–the logical qubit–that is being protected, and what does the active, goal-directed process of its protection reveal about physical reality? We argue that the logical qubit presents a unique case study in the metaphysics of identity, functioning as a quantifiable “Ship of Theseus” in Hilbert space. We introduce the concept of “engineered emergence” to describe the active, information-driven stabilization of the logical qubit, distinguishing it from passive forms of emergence and positioning it as a new category of causal structure. Finally, we demonstrate that the logical qubit serves as a powerful new testbed for major interpretations of quantum mechanics (including agent-centered, Many-Worlds, and Bohmian views), revealing novel strengths and challenges for each. We conclude that the technological imperative of fault-tolerance is not merely an engineering problem but a catalyst for deep philosophical insight, transforming abstract debates into concrete physical questions.
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Bilal Khalid and Sabre Kais
Tue Jul 01 2025 18:00:00 (2 days)
# 5.
Author(s): Bilal Khalid and Sabre Kais
Classical chaos is usually characterized by the sensitive dependence of trajectories on initial conditions. However, in quantum mechanics, the unitarity of time evolution ensures that the distances between quantum states are preserved in time. It has, therefore, been a challenge in quantum chaos to …
[Phys. Rev. A 112, 012201] Published Tue Jul 01, 2025
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Kamal K. Barley, Andreas Ruffing, Sergei K. Suslov
Tue Jul 01 2025 12:00:00 (3 days)
# 6.
arXiv:2506.00408v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We review Bohr’s atomic model and its extension by Sommerfeld from a mathematical perspective of wave mechanics. The derivation of quantization rules and energy levels is revisited using semiclassical methods. Sommerfeld-type integrals are evaluated by elementary techniques, and connections with the Schr\”{o}dinger and Dirac equations are established. Historical developments and key transitions from classical to quantum theory are discussed to clarify the structure and significance of the old quantum mechanics.
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Patrick BarAvi
Tue Jul 01 2025 12:00:00 (3 days)
# 7.
arXiv:2505.09650v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The emergence of irreversibility in isolated, deterministic systems remains a central problem in the foundations of statistical mechanics. Traditional approaches, such as Boltzmann’s H-theorem and Lanford’s derivation of the Boltzmann equation, rely on probabilistic assumptions and are constrained to dilute gases and short timescales. In this work, we introduce Extended Structural Dynamics (ESD), a deterministic framework in which irreversibility arises from the internal geometry of structured particles. In ESD, particles possess finite size and internal degrees of freedom, such as rotation and vibration, that are dynamically coupled to translational motion. This coupling induces instability, nonlinear feedback, and chaotic mixing in the extended phase space, even under time-reversal symmetric laws. We show that equilibrium states exponentially dominate the accessible volume of phase space, while constrained configurations (e.g., pure rotation) form measure-zero subsets. This yields a geometric derivation of entropy growth, with reversal probabilities suppressed as Prev and recurrence times scaling as Trec. These results address the Loschmidt and Zermelo paradoxes without coarse-graining, randomness, or fine-tuning. We further extend the model to charged systems (cESD), where long-range electromagnetic interactions drive continuous structural coupling. ESD thus provides a deterministic and testable mechanism for emergent thermodynamic behavior, with applications ranging from mesoscopic systems to the cosmological arrow of time.
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Hatem Elshatlawy, Dean Rickles, Xerxes D. Arsiwalla, Alexander Blum
Tue Jul 01 2025 12:00:00 (3 days)
# 8.
arXiv:2504.16225v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We propose a formal framework for understanding and unifying the concept of observers across physics, computer science, philosophy, and related fields. Building on cybernetic feedback models, we introduce an operational definition of minimal observers, explore their role in shaping foundational concepts, and identify what remains unspecified in their absence. Drawing upon insights from quantum gravity, digital physics, second-order cybernetics, and recent ruliological and pregeometric approaches, we argue that observers serve as indispensable reference points for measurement, reference frames, and the emergence of meaning. We show how this formalism sheds new light on debates related to consciousness, quantum measurement, and computational boundaries; by way of theorems on observer equivalences and complexity measures. This perspective opens new avenues for investigating how complexity and structure arise in both natural and artificial systems.
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Craig Steven Wright
Tue Jul 01 2025 12:00:00 (3 days)
# 9.
arXiv:2506.22497v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper reconceptualises peer review as structured public commentary. Traditional academic validation is hindered by anonymity, latency, and gatekeeping. We propose a transparent, identity-linked, and reproducible system of scholarly evaluation anchored in open commentary. Leveraging blockchain for immutable audit trails and AI for iterative synthesis, we design a framework that incentivises intellectual contribution, captures epistemic evolution, and enables traceable reputational dynamics. This model empowers fields from computational science to the humanities, reframing academic knowledge as a living process rather than a static credential.
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Frederick W. Strauch
Tue Jul 01 2025 12:00:00 (3 days)
# 10.
arXiv:2506.23450v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper develops the approach to special relativity put forward by John S. Bell. The classical dynamics of an electron orbiting a nucleus in uniform motion is solved analytically and compared to numerical simulations for an accelerated nucleus. The relativistic phenomena of length contraction and time dilation are shown to result from the electric and magnetic forces on the electron when its motion is analyzed in a single frame of reference. The relevance of these results for understanding the theory of special relativity is discussed.
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Tue Jul 01 2025 01:30:33 (3 days)
# 11.
Antoniou, Antonis (2025) Why did the Dark Matter Hypothesis Supersede Modified Gravity in the 1980s? [Preprint]
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Tue Jul 01 2025 01:28:33 (3 days)
# 12.
Poletti, Marcello (2025) Observable and Unobservable in Quantum Mechanics. Foundations of Physics, 55.
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Tue Jul 01 2025 01:28:17 (3 days)
# 13.
Gao, Shan (2025) Comment on “Aharonov-Bohm Phase is Locally Generated Like All Other Quantum Phases”. [Preprint]
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Tue Jul 01 2025 01:27:41 (3 days)
# 14.
March, Eleanor (2025) On coordinate-based and coordinate-free approaches to Newtonian gravitation on Maxwellian spacetime. [Preprint]
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Laszlo E. Szabo, Marton Gomori, Zalan Gyenis
Mon Jun 30 2025 12:00:00 (4 days)
# 15.
arXiv:2309.01928v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: According to the Kolmogorovian Censorship Hypothesis, everything that quantum theory says about the world in the language of the quantum mechanical Hilbert space formalism is actually about relationships between ordinary relative frequencies expressible in operational terms using classical Kolmogorovian probability theory. In other words, a quantum theoretical description of a system should in principle be translatable into a purely operational-probabilistic description. However, our goal in this paper is different; we do not want to deal with the problem how to translate the known theory of quantum mechanics into operational terms, or to reconstruct the theory from postulates which can be interpreted in operational terms. Our aim is somewhat broader and points in the opposite direction. We start with a general scheme for the operational description of an arbitrary physical system. The description is based solely on the notion of observable events (measurement operations and measurement results) and on general, empirically established simple laws concerning their relative frequency. These laws are so simple and fundamental that they apply equally to any physical system. In the first part of the paper, we outline the basic elements of such an operational-probabilistic theory. In the second part, we discuss how this operational-probabilistic description compares to the quantum mechanical description and to what extent the standard Hilbert space quantum mechanics can be regarded as a reformulation of the general operational-probabilistic theory.
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Tim Palmer
Mon Jun 30 2025 12:00:00 (4 days)
# 16.
arXiv:2506.21553v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The issue of whether we make decisions freely has vexed philosophers for millennia, Resolving this is vital for solving a diverse range of problems, from the physiology of how the brain makes decisions (and how we assign moral responsibility to those decisions) to the interpretation of experiments on entangled quantum particles. A deterministic model of free will is developed, based on two concepts. The first generalises the notion of initialisation of nonlinear systems where information cascades upscale from the Planck scale, exemplified by the chaology of colliding billiard balls, and featured in the author’s Rational Quantum Mechanics. With `just-in-time’ initialisation, such Planck-scale information is only initialised when it is needed to describe super-Planck scale evolution, and not e.g., at the time of the Big Bang. In this way determinism does not imply predestination and a system with finitely many degrees of freedom can shadow a system with infinitely many, over arbitrarily long timescales. The second concept describes the upscale control of such Planck-scale information on super-Planck scales and is illustrated by reference to stochastic rounding in numerical analysis. Using these concepts, a deterministic model is proposed whereby freely-made decisions are made by using past experiences to control the impact of noise in the low-energy brain. It is claimed that such a model has evolutionary advantages, not least preventing paralysis by analysis and encouraging rational risk taking. It is concluded that humans have free will, determinism notwithstanding. The model is applied to study the foundational issue of free choice in quantum physics experiments: it is shown that violating the Measurement Independence assumption does not invalidate the free-will conclusion above.
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Mon Jun 30 2025 08:00:00 (4 days)
# 17.
Beginning with the Everett-DeWitt many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics, there have been a series of proposals for how the state vector of a quantum system might split at any instant into orthogonal branches, each of which exhibits approximately classical behavior. In an earlier version of the present work, we proposed a decomposition of a state vector into branches by finding the minimum of a measure of the mean squared quantum complexity of the branches in the branch decomposition. In the present article, we adapt the earlier version to quantum electrodynamics of electrons and protons on a lattice in Minkowski space. The earlier version, however, here is simplified by replacing a definition of complexity which takes the physical vacuum as 0 complexity starting point, with a definition which takes the bare vacuum as starting point. As a consequence of this replacement, the physical vacuum itself is expected to branch yielding branches with energy densities slightly larger than that of the unbranched vacuum. If the vacuum energy renormalization constant is chosen as usual to give 0 energy density to the unbranched vacuum, in an expanding universe vacuum branches will appear to have a combination of dark energy and dark matter densities. The hypothesis that vacuum branching is the origin of the observed dark energy and dark matter densities leads to an estimate of $$\mathcal {O}(10^{-18} {m}^3)$$ for the parameter b which enters the complexity measure governing branch formation and sets the boundary between quantum and classical behavior.
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