R\’enyi entropy of magic. (arXiv:2106.12587v1 [quant-ph])
| 上午9:37 | | | Lorenzo Leone, Salvatore F. E. Oliviero, Alioscia Hamma | | | quant-ph updates on arXiv.org |
We introduce a novel measure for the quantum property commonly known as $magic$ by considering the R\’enyi entropy of the probability distribution associated to a pure quantum state given by the square of the expectation value of Pauli strings in that state. We show that this is a good measure of magic from the point of view of resource theory and show bounds with other known measures of magic. The R\’enyi entropy of magic has the advantage of being easily computable because it does not need a minimization procedure. We define the magic power of a unitary operator as the average entropy of magic attainable by the action of this operator on the magic-free states, that is, stabilizer states, and show the basic properties of this quantity. As an application, we show that the magic power is intimately connected to out-of-time-order correlation functions and that maximal levels of magic are necessary for quantum chaos.
Path Integrals: From Quantum Mechanics to Photonics. (arXiv:2105.00948v2 [quant-ph] UPDATED)
| 上午9:37 | | | Charles W. Robson, Yaraslau Tamashevich, Tapio T. Rantala, Marco Ornigotti | | | quant-ph updates on arXiv.org |
The path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, i.e., the idea that the evolution of a quantum system is determined as a sum over all the possible trajectories that would take the system from the initial to its final state of its dynamical evolution, is perhaps the most elegant and universal framework developed in theoretical physics, second only to the Standard Model of particle physics. In this tutorial, we retrace the steps that led to the creation of such a remarkable framework, discuss its foundations, and present some of the classical examples of problems that can be solved using the path integral formalism, as a way to introduce the readers to the topic, and help them get familiar with the formalism. Then, we focus our attention on the use of path integrals in optics and photonics, and discuss in detail how they have been used in the past to approach several problems, ranging from the propagation of light in inhomogeneous media, to parametric amplification, and quantum nonlinear optics in arbitrary media. To complement this, we also briefly present the Path Integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) method, as a valuable computational resource for condensed matter physics, and discuss its potential applications and advantages if used in photonics.
Quantum Computing for Location Determination. (arXiv:2106.11751v2 [quant-ph] UPDATED)
| 上午9:37 | | | Ahmed Shokry, Moustafa Youssef | | | quant-ph updates on arXiv.org |
Quantum computing provides a new way for approaching problem solving, enabling efficient solutions for problems that are hard on classical computers. It is based on leveraging how quantum particles behave. With researchers around the world showing quantum supremacy and the availability of cloud-based quantum computers with free accounts for researchers, quantum computing is becoming a reality. In this paper, we explore both the opportunities and challenges that quantum computing has for location determination research. Specifically, we introduce an example for the expected gain of using quantum algorithms by providing an efficient quantum implementation of the well-known RF fingerprinting algorithm and run it on an instance of the IBM Quantum Experience computer. The proposed quantum algorithm has a complexity that is exponentially better than its classical algorithm version, both in space and running time. We further discuss both software and hardware research challenges and opportunities that researchers can build on to explore this exciting new domain.
Boltzmann’s Concept of Reality. (arXiv:physics/0701308v2 [physics.hist-ph] UPDATED)
| 上午9:37 | | | physics.hist-ph updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Marcelo B. Ribeiro (1), Antonio A. P. Videira (2) ((1) Physics Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ, Brazil, (2) Department of Philosophy, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ, Brazil)
In this article we describe and analyze the concept of reality developed by the Austrian theoretical physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. It is our thesis that Boltzmann was fully aware that reality could, and actually was, described by different points of view. In spite of this, Boltzmann did not renounce the idea that reality is real. We also discuss his main motivations to be strongly involved with philosophy of science, as well as further developments made by Boltzmann himself of his main philosophical ideas, namely scientific theories as images of Nature and its consequences. We end the paper with a discussion about the modernity of Boltzmann’s philosophy of science.
| 上午9:37 | | | physics.hist-ph updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Charles T. Sebens
Within quantum chemistry, the electron clouds that surround nuclei in atoms and molecules are sometimes treated as clouds of probability and sometimes as clouds of charge. These two roles, tracing back to Schr\”odinger and Born, are in tension with one another but are not incompatible. Schr\”odinger’s idea that the nucleus of an atom is surrounded by a spread-out electron charge density is supported by a variety of evidence from quantum chemistry, including two methods that are used to determine atomic and molecular structure: the Hartree-Fock method and density functional theory. Taking this evidence as a clue to the foundations of quantum physics, Schr\”odinger’s electron charge density can be incorporated into many different interpretations of quantum mechanics (and extensions of such interpretations to quantum field theory).
| 上午9:37 | | | gr-qc updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Juan F. Pedraza, Andrea Russo, Andrew Svesko, Zachary Weller-Davies
Holographic entanglement entropy was recently recast in terms of Riemannian flows or ‘bit threads’. We consider the Lorentzian analog to reformulate the ‘complexity=volume’ conjecture using Lorentzian flows — timelike vector fields whose minimum flux through a boundary subregion is equal to the volume of the homologous maximal bulk Cauchy slice. By the nesting of Lorentzian flows, holographic complexity is shown to obey a number of properties. Particularly, the rate of complexity is bounded below by conditional complexity, describing a multi-step optimization with intermediate and final target states. We provide multiple explicit geometric realizations of Lorentzian flows in AdS backgrounds, including their time-dependence and behavior near the singularity in a black hole interior. Conceptually, discretized flows are interpreted as Lorentzian threads or ‘gatelines’. Upon selecting a reference state, complexity thence counts the minimum number of gatelines needed to prepare a target state described by a tensor network discretizing the maximal volume slice, matching its quantum information theoretic definition. We point out that suboptimal tensor networks are important to fully characterize the state, leading us to propose a refined notion of complexity as an ensemble average. The bulk symplectic potential provides a specific ‘canonical’ thread configuration characterizing perturbations around arbitrary CFT states. Consistency of this solution requires the bulk satisfy the linearized Einstein’s equations, which are shown to be equivalent to the holographic first law of complexity, thereby advocating for a principle of ‘spacetime complexity’. Lastly, we argue Lorentzian threads provide a notion of emergent time. This article is an expanded and detailed version of [arXiv:2105.12735], including several new results.
| 上午9:37 | | | gr-qc updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: M. Gasperini
We present a short introduction to a non-standard cosmological scenario motivated by the duality symmetries of string theory, in which the big bang singularity is replaced with a “big bounce” at high but finite curvature. The bouncing epoch is prepared by a long (possibly infinitely extended) phase of cosmic evolution, starting from an initial state asymptotically approaching the string perturbative vacuum.
Quantization of Gravity in the Black Hole Background. (arXiv:2106.01966v2 [hep-th] UPDATED)
| 上午9:37 | | | gr-qc updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Renata Kallosh, Adel A. Rahman
We perform a covariant (Lagrangian) quantization of perturbative gravity in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole. The key tool is a decomposition of the field into spherical harmonics. We fix Regge-Wheeler gauge for modes with angular momentum quantum number $l \geq 2$, while for low multipole modes with $l$ $=$ $0$ or $1$ — for which Regge-Wheeler gauge is inapplicable — we propose a set of gauge fixing conditions which are 2D background covariant and perturbatively well-defined. We find that the corresponding Faddeev-Popov ghosts are non-propagating for the $l\geq2$ modes, but are in general nontrivial for the low multipole modes with $l = 0,1$. However, in Schwarzschild coordinates, all time derivatives acting on the ghosts drop from the action and the low multipole ghosts have instantaneous propagators. Up to possible subtleties related to quantizing gravity in a space with a horizon, Faddeev’s theorem suggests the possibility of an underlying canonical (Hamiltonian) quantization with a manifestly ghost-free Hilbert space.
| 上午9:37 | | | gr-qc updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Faizuddin Ahmed
In this paper, the relativistic quantum dynamics of a scalar particle under the effect of Lorentz symmetry violation determined by a tensor $(K_{F})_{\mu\,\nu\,\alpha\,\beta}$ out of the Standard Model Extension is investigated. We see that the bound-state solution of the modified Klein-Gordon equation can be obtained, and the spectrum of energy and the wave function depends on the Lorentz symmetry breaking parameters
String theory, Einstein, and the identity of physics: Theory assessment in absence of the empirical
| 2021年6月25日 星期五 上午3:16 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
van Dongen, Jeroen (2021) String theory, Einstein, and the identity of physics: Theory assessment in absence of the empirical. [Preprint]
| 2021年6月25日 星期五 上午3:15 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Brunet, Tyler D. P. (2021) Local Causation. [Preprint]
Quantum pointillism with relational identity
| 2021年6月24日 星期四 上午8:00 | | | Latest Results for Synthese |
Abstract
The feasibility of establishing a proper notion of a distinguishable object in the context of the de Broglie–Bohm approach to quantum mechanics seems, at first sight, uncontroversial by virtue of the fact that this theory can supposedly be interpreted in terms of a system of objective particles distinguished by individuating properties. However, after conducting a critical revision and evaluation of this trivial interpretation, and having assessed different alternatives that have been proposed in recent literature, I argue that within this theory an appropriate notion of a distinguishable object can only be articulated by means of the following theoretical and metaphysical strategies: firstly, by appealing to a pre-existing, symmetrized Bohmian framework that is empirically indistinguishable but physically distinguishable from the standard Bohmian formulation; and secondly, by suggesting a different interpretation of this symmetrized formulation based upon a relational notion of the distinguishable object that can only be appropriately conceived from a structuralist point of view.
Scattering and Perturbation Theory for Discrete-Time Dynamics
| 2021年6月23日 星期三 下午6:00 | | | Alessandro Bisio, Nicola Mosco, and Paolo Perinotti | | | PRL: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc. |
Author(s): Alessandro Bisio, Nicola Mosco, and Paolo Perinotti
We present a systematic treatment of scattering processes for quantum systems whose time evolution is discrete. We define and show some general properties of the scattering operator, in particular the conservation of quasienergy which is defined only modulo 2π. Then we develop two perturbative techn…
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 250503] Published Wed Jun 23, 2021
Quantum Simulation of Three-Body Interactions in Weakly Driven Quantum Systems
| 2021年6月23日 星期三 下午6:00 | | | Francesco Petiziol, Mahdi Sameti, Stefano Carretta, Sandro Wimberger, and Florian Mintert | | | PRL: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc. |
Author(s): Francesco Petiziol, Mahdi Sameti, Stefano Carretta, Sandro Wimberger, and Florian Mintert
The realization of effective Hamiltonians featuring many-body interactions beyond pairwise coupling would enable the quantum simulation of central models underpinning topological physics and quantum computation. We overcome crucial limitations of perturbative Floquet engineering and discuss the high…
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 250504] Published Wed Jun 23, 2021
| 2021年6月23日 星期三 上午5:16 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Belot, Gordon (2021) Gravity and GRACE. [Preprint]
How do electrons move in atoms? From the Bohr model to quantum mechanics
| 2021年6月23日 星期三 上午5:12 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Gao, Shan (2021) How do electrons move in atoms? From the Bohr model to quantum mechanics. One hundred years of the Bohr atom: Proceedings from a conference (Edited by F. Aaserud and H. Kragh). Scientia Danica. Series M: Mathematica et physica, vol. 1., 2015. pp. 450-464. ISSN 1904-5514
On the Connection Between Quantum Probability and Geometry
| 2021年6月23日 星期三 上午5:10 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Holik, Federico (2021) On the Connection Between Quantum Probability and Geometry. Quanta.
Beauty, Truth and Understanding
| 2021年6月23日 星期三 上午5:09 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Milena, Ivanova (2020) Beauty, Truth and Understanding. [Preprint]
Scientific Perspectivism and the Methodology of Modern Mathematical Physics
| 2021年6月23日 星期三 上午5:08 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Stemeroff, Noah (2021) Scientific Perspectivism and the Methodology of Modern Mathematical Physics. [Preprint]
Do molecules have structure in isolation? How models can provide the answer
| 2021年6月20日 星期日 下午4:12 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Seifert, Vanessa A. (2021) Do molecules have structure in isolation? How models can provide the answer. [Preprint]
Induced osmotic vorticity in the quantum hydrodynamical picture (arXiv:2106.13225 [quant-ph])
Authors: C Dedes
A nonlinear wave mechanical equation is proposed by inserting an imaginary quantum potential into the Schrödinger equation. An explicit expression for its solution is given under certain assumptions and it is shown that it entails attenuation related effects as non-unitary evolution, non-exponential quantum decay and entropy production. In the quantum hydrodynamical formulation the existence of circulation effects for the osmotic velocity field is established. Finally, a time-invariant equation for the probability density is derived, analogous to the tensor Lighthill equation in aeroacoustics, which admits both retarded and advanced solutions.
