The Pragmatic QFT Measurement Problem and the need for a Heisenberg-like Cut in QFT
| 2022年6月3日 星期五 上午3:37 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Grimmer, Daniel (2022) The Pragmatic QFT Measurement Problem and the need for a Heisenberg-like Cut in QFT. [Preprint]
Existence of superluminal signaling in collapse theories of quantum mechanics
| 2022年6月3日 星期五 上午3:36 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Gao, Shan (2022) Existence of superluminal signaling in collapse theories of quantum mechanics. [Preprint]
| 2022年6月2日 星期四 上午5:04 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Srinivasan, Radhakrishnan (2022) Logical foundations of physics. Resolution of classical and quantum paradoxes in the finitistic paraconsistent logic NAFL. [Preprint]
Are Dynamic Shifts Dynamical Symmetries?
| 2022年5月31日 星期二 下午2:36 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Jacobs, Caspar (2022) Are Dynamic Shifts Dynamical Symmetries? In: UNSPECIFIED.
“Fundamental” “constants” and precision tests of the standard model
| 2022年5月31日 星期二 下午2:34 | | | Philsci-Archive: No conditions. Results ordered -Date Deposited. |
Koberinski, Adam (2021) “Fundamental” “constants” and precision tests of the standard model. In: UNSPECIFIED.
Panpsychism and AI consciousness
| 2022年5月31日 星期二 上午8:00 | | | Latest Results for Synthese |
Abstract
This article argues that if panpsychism is true, then there are grounds for thinking that digitally-based artificial intelligence (AI) may be incapable of having coherent macrophenomenal conscious experiences. Section 1 briefly surveys research indicating that neural function and phenomenal consciousness may be both analog in nature. We show that physical and phenomenal magnitudes—such as rates of neural firing and the phenomenally experienced loudness of sounds—appear to covary monotonically with the physical stimuli they represent, forming the basis for an analog relationship between the three. Section 2 then argues that if this is true and micropsychism—the panpsychist view that phenomenal consciousness or its precursors exist at a microphysical level of reality—is also true, then human brains must somehow manipulate fundamental microphysical-phenomenal magnitudes in an analog manner that renders them phenomenally coherent at a macro level. However, Sect. 3 argues that because digital computation abstracts away from microphysical-phenomenal magnitudes—representing cognitive functions non-monotonically in terms of digits (such as ones and zeros)—digital computation may be inherently incapable of realizing coherent macroconscious experience. Thus, if panpsychism is true, digital AI may be incapable of achieving phenomenal coherence. Finally, Sect. 4 briefly examines our argument’s implications for Tononi’s Integrated Information Theory (IIT) theory of consciousness, which we contend may need to be supplanted by a theory of macroconsciousness as analog microphysical-phenomenal information integration.
Likelihood criteria for the universe. (arXiv:2206.00972v1 [physics.hist-ph])
| 上午9:19 | | | physics.hist-ph updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Ezequiel López-Rubio
The development of science and technology has progressively demonstrated the ability of humankind to understand and manipulate the physical world, and it has also shown some fundamental limitations to predictability of physical events. This realization has led many thinkers to wonder why the universe has the observed level of regularity. Justifications of this fact tend to present our universe as a likely option among some range of possibilities. In this work, an assessment of the likelihood criteria employed for such justifications is carried out. Furthermore, four alternative universes are described that appear to be more likely than our own, depending on the likelihood criterion that is considered.
| 上午9:19 | | | physics.hist-ph updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Holger F. Hofmann, Tomonori Matsushita, Shunichi Kuroki, Masataka Iinuma
It is commonly assumed that the observation of an interference pattern is incompatible with any information about the path taken by a quantum particle. Here we show that, contrary to this assumption, the experimentally observable effects of small polarization rotations applied in the slits of a double slit experiment indicate that individual particles passing the slits before their detection in the interference pattern are physically delocalized with regard to their interactions with the local polarization rotations. The change of polarization determines the fluctuations of the polarization rotation angles experienced by each particle. Particles detected in the interference maxima experience no fluctuations at all, indicating a presence of exactly one half of the particle in each slit, while particles detected close to the minima experience polarization rotations much larger than the local rotations, indicating a negative presence in one of the slits and a presence of more than one in the other.
| 上午9:19 | | | physics.hist-ph updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Klaas Landsman
Supplementing earlier literature by e.g. Tipler, Clarke, & Ellis (1980), Israel (1987), Thorne, (1994), Earman (1999), Senovilla & Garfinkle (2015), Curiel (2019ab), and Landsman (2021ab), I provide a historical and conceptual analysis of Penrose’s path-breaking 1965 singularity (or incompleteness) theorem. The emphasis is on the nature and historical origin of the assumptions and definitions used in-or otherwise relevant to-the theorem, as well as on the discrepancy between the (astro)physical goals of the theorem and its actual content: even if its assumptions are met, the theorem fails to prove the existence or formation of black holes.Penrose himself was well aware of this gap, which he subsequently tried to overcome with his visionary and influential cosmic censorship conjectures. Roughly speaking, to infer from (null) geodesic incompleteness that there is a “black” object one needs weak cosmic censorship, whereas in addition a “hole” exists (as opposed to a boundary of an extendible space-time causing the incompleteness of geodesics) if strong cosmic censorship holds.
| 上午9:19 | | | physics.hist-ph updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Robert A. Wilson
The concept of mass was introduced as a mathematical abstraction and unifying principle in physics by Newton in the 17th century, and calibrated on a Solar System scale by Cavendish at the end of the 18th century. In the 19th century, this concept proved adequate to explain a vast range of physical processes on all scales from the microscopic to the Solar System. But in the 20th century, attempts to extend this range upwards to the galactic scale, and downwards to subatomic particles, have led to increasing difficulties. Modifications to the concept of mass by Einstein and Dirac have not prevented these difficulties. In this paper, I ask the question, can these difficulties be overcome by further modification of the definitions, or is the concept of mass an unavoidably local (Solar System scale) rather than global concept?
| 上午9:19 | | | gr-qc updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: A. Kashlinsky, F. Atrio-Barandela
While the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole is largely assumed entirely kinematic, there appears evidence that a part of it is primordial. Such possibility arises in models implying a tilt, interpreted as a dark flow, across the observable Universe. The kinematic nature of the entire CMB dipole can be probed using the dipole of cosmic backgrounds from galaxies after the last scattering. The near-IR cosmic infrared background (CIB) spectral energy distribution leads to an amplified dipole compared to the CMB. The CIB dipole is affected by galaxy clustering, decreasing with fainter, more distant galaxies, and by Solar System emissions and Galactic dust, which dominate the net CIB cosmological dipole in the optical/near-IR. We propose a technique that enables an accurate measurement of the kinematic near-IR CIB dipole. The CIB, effectively the integrated galaxy light (IGL), would be reconstructed from resolved galaxies in the forthcoming space-borne wide surveys covering four bands 0.9 to 2.5 micron. The galaxies will be sub-selected from the identified magnitude range where the dipole component from galaxy clustering is below the expected kinematic dipole. Using this technique the dipole can be measured in each of the bands at the statistical signal-to-noise S/N>50–100 with the forthcoming Euclid and Roman surveys, isolating CMB dipole’s kinematic nature.
Elucidation of ‘Cosmic Coincidence’. (arXiv:2204.02211v2 [astro-ph.CO] UPDATED)
| 上午9:19 | | | gr-qc updates on arXiv.org |
Authors: Meir Shimon
In the standard cosmological model the dark energy (DE) and nonrelativistic (NR) matter densities are determined to be comparable at the present time, in spite of their greatly different evolution histories. This `cosmic coincidence’ enigma could be explained as a non-anthropic observational selection effect: We show that under certain plausible assumptions, irrespective of the cosmological initial conditions and assuming no `new physics’, the Universe is most likely to be observed when the Hubble radius attains a maximum (effectively in some frame), which takes place at the epoch when the energy densities of DE and NR matter are comparable.
| 2022年5月30日 星期一 上午8:00 | | | Latest Results for Synthese |
Abstract
Many physics parameters need to be precisely set in order for life to exist in our universe. Or so says the fine-tuning argument. That the actual values are just right for life, the argument concludes, is a fact in need of deep physical or metaphysical explanation. Perhaps, the story goes, the parameter values settings are a matter of divine design. Or perhaps they result from a selection effect given our place in the “multiverse”. However, a very different approach to the problem is possible. One may argue that the fine-tuning is an artefact of theorizing: it is explicable as the precise balancing act necessary for compact, systematic representation in science. Given such an explanation and drawing on earlier work from a number of sources, this essay shows how fine-tuning is best understood as evidence for a non-governing conception of laws rather than for design or multiverse.
